L’infografica che vi mostriamo aiuta a capire come può essere evitata la lipodistrofia diabetica, ovvero quel rigonfiamento che va a formarsi sotto la pelle nei siti di iniezione dell’insulina.
I consigli riportati nell’infografica sono tratti da un documento redatto dalle due Associazioni di diabetologi AMD (Associazione Medici Diabetologi) e SID (Società Italiana di Diabetologia) insieme a OSDI (Operatori Sanitari di Diabetologia).
La lipodistrofia è un accumulo di grasso localizzato sotto la cute nei punti in cui avvengono le iniezioni di insulina. Essa può avere un forte impatto sulla gestione della glicemia provocando ipo o iperglicemie di grave entità.
La lipodistrofia diabetica si previene evitando di fare l’iniezione nelle stesse aree del corpo e non riutilizzando MAI gli stessi aghi, in quanto l’ago dopo il primo utilizzo si danneggia e di conseguenza può provocare danno alla cute.
Secondo lo studio “Prevalence and risk factors of lipohypertrophy in insulin-injecting patients with diabetes”, disponibile nella versione integrale a questo link, risulta che il 98% dei pazienti con lipoipertrofia ruotava i siti di iniezione in maniera errata o non li ruotava affatto, mentre solo il 5% di coloro che li ruotavano correttamente ha mostrato lipoipertrofia (accumulo e accrescimento di grasso).
L’utilizzo di un ago corto (4mm) riduce il rischio di iniettare l’insulina nel muscolo, senza farne aumentare il riflusso.
Senza contare poi l’esperienza dei pazienti che raccontano di iniezioni meno dolorose, accettando in maniera molto più positiva la terapia.
E anche la psicologia ha una parte importante nella buona riuscita di questa attività quotidiana per chi ha il diabete e nella sua qualità di vita.
Kenneth Strauss, Global Medical Director, Becton Dickinson (BD) ha commentato lo studio come segue:
Lo studio evidenzia l’importanza di una corretta tecnica di iniezione per raggiungere un controllo glicemico ottimale. Per evitare la variabilità glicemica e le sue conseguenze negative, ogni persona con diabete dovrebbe ruotare i siti di iniezione, non riutilizzare mai gli aghi, e imparare ad identificare autonomamente una lipoipertrofia.
I siti di iniezione dovrebbero essere osservati e palpati almeno ogni sei mesi da un medico e dovrebbero essere resi noti i vantaggi dell’uso di un ago corto. Un assorbimento errato dell’insulina e la variabilità glicemica possono essere ridotti grazie ad una corretta rotazione dei siti e all’uso di un ago da 4 mm.
Il fatto che circa 2/3 delle persone con diabete presenti lipoipertrofie è piuttosto scioccante e occorre impegnarsi affinché questo numero venga ridotto.
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