Il sovrappeso e l’obesità sono notoriamente fattori che possono scatenare l’insorgenza del diabete di tipo 2. Dalla patologia non sono esenti, però, neanche le persone che hanno un peso corporeo che rientri in parametri definiti come “ideali”.
Un terzo di queste persone sopra i 45 anni di età, infatti, rientra nei criteri per il pre-diabete, condizione che è l’anticamera dello sviluppo della patologia vera e propria, ovvero la condizione caratterizzata da valori di glicemia, misurata a digiuno, uguali o superiori a 126 mg/dl o da valori di glicemia, 2 ore dopo un carico di glucosio di 75 g, uguali o superiori a 200 mg/dl.
I valori di glicemia al di sotto di 100 mg/dl sono considerati nella norma.
Una ricerca dell’Università della Florida, pubblicata quest’anno sulla rivista Annals of Family Medicine, ha esaminato i dati della National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, un sondaggio sulla salute e la nutrizione di adulti e bambini negli Usa, tra il 1988 e il 1994 e tra il 1999 e il 2012. L’attenzione dei ricercatori si è concentrata sulle persone con un indice di massa corporea tra 18.5 e 24.9, di età superiore ai 20 anni e a cui non era stato diagnosticato il diabete.
Nel primo arco temporale preso in esame, le persone valutate dal personale medico in una situazione di pre-diabete sono risultate essere il 10%, ma nel secondo la percentuale è salita addirittura al 19%.
In seguito, estendendo l’analisi alla fascia di età superiore ai 45 anni, si è rilevato un aumento del pre-diabete dal 22% al 33%.
La ricerca illustra dunque che sono proprio le persone che non hanno problemi di peso in eccesso ad essere difficilmente identificabili in situazioni a rischio diabete, proprio perché spesso non si sottopongono a screening specifici periodici.
Dallo studio emerge come uno dei motivi per cui anche queste persone possono sviluppare questa condizione patologica riguarda lo stile di vita e in particolare la sedentarietà.
Se anche tu hai un peso corporeo che rientra in parametri di normalità, ma hai dei casi di diabete fra le persone della tua famiglia, potrebbe essere consigliabile effettuare un semplice test di screening della glicemia in farmacia, per identificare possibili situazioni a rischio. Come si suol dire: prevenire è meglio che curare!
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