L’incidenza del diabete tipo 2 non è uguale in tutti i gruppi etnici: le persone provenienti dall’Africa nera, dai paesi caraibici e dell’Asia meridionale (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh) corrono un rischio maggiore di sviluppare il diabete di tipo 2 in giovane età.
Gli studi dimostrano che i fattori di rischio collegati all’insorgenza di diabete tipo 2 in questi gruppi etnici sono molti, alcuni modificabili e altri no.
Come sappiamo, i fattori di rischio che concorrono all’insorgenza di diabete tipo 2 sono molti.
Fra questi possiamo elencare:
Fra i fattori di rischio ci sono anche la storia familiare, fattori sociali e fattori ambientali. Non è chiaro il perché, ma alcuni gruppi etnici hanno un’incidenza di diabete 2 particolarmente alta.
Per esempio, persone provenienti dall’Asia meridionale hanno maggiori probabilità di sperimentare la resistenza all’insulina in giovane età. Ciò potrebbe essere collegato al modo in cui il grasso viene immagazzinato nel corpo e in particolare su tronco e addome: il grasso viscerale può accumularsi attorno a organi importanti come il fegato e il pancreas. Il grasso viscerale è solo uno dei fattori che possono influire sulla salute e aumentare il rischio di diabete di tipo 2.
La resistenza all’insulina, chiamata anche insulino-resistenza, si verifica quando l’insulina non riesce più ad agire adeguatamente, portando a un accumulo di zucchero nel sangue. L’iperglicemia a lungo andare porta con sé numerose complicanze. L’insulino-resistenza può però essere mandata in remissione attraverso l’adozione di buone abitudini alimentari e lo svolgimento di attività fisica regolare.
Le persone provenienti dall’Africa, dall’area caraibica e dall’Asia meridionale sono a rischio di sviluppare il diabete di tipo 2 a partire dai 25 anni. Si tratta di un’età molto inferiore rispetto alla popolazione caucasica: fra questi infatti il rischio aumenta considerevolmente a partire dai 40 anni. Non è chiaro perché sia così, ma risulta oltremodo importante adottare buone pratiche per ridurre il rischio di diagnosi.
I due grandi cambiamenti da mettere in pratica riguardano l’attività fisica e l’alimentazione.
Queste sono tutte cose non impegnative che contribuiscono a mantenere il tuo corpo in salute.
Questa alimentazione può fare un’enorme differenza nel ridurre il rischio e ti aiuta a mantenere un peso sano, cosa fondamentale se si è a rischio di sviluppare il diabete di tipo 2.
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