L’International Diabetes Federation (IDF) ha pubblicato un documento di consenso in cui propone nuovi criteri per la diagnosi di pre-diabete e di diabete. Il documento si basa sulla glicemia rilevata alla prima ora della curva da carico di glucosio, ribattezzata “mini-curva”.
La valutazione della “mini-curva” permetterebbe di fare una diagnosi estremamente precoce di diabete e di pre-diabete, consentendo di fare le diagnosi almeno un paio di anni prima rispetto ai test attuali.
L’IDF è la federazione mondiale che include tutte le società di diabetologia del mondo e anche le associazioni di persone con diabete. L’IDF ha proposto che la mini-curva di glucosio venga proposta come nuovo criterio diagnostico per il pre-diabete e il diabete, basandosi sulla glicemia alla prima ora della curva da carico di glucosio.
Dopo l’attenta revisione di tutta la letteratura scientifica, il nuovo documento di consenso stilato dall’IDF ha adottato il valore soglia di >155 mg/dL alla prima ora della curva da carico di glucosio per la diagnosi di pre-diabete nei soggetti con normale glicemia a digiuno.
Questo valore è altamente predittivo per lo sviluppo di diverse patologie:
Il documento introduce anche un nuovo criterio diagnostico di diabete tipo 2, cioè una glicemia superiore a 209 mg/dL, sempre alla prima ora della curva da carico.
Con questi nuovi criteri diagnostici sarà possibile individuare precocemente i soggetti ad aumentato rischio di diabete o già diabetici che ad oggi sfuggono a questa diagnosi. Gli attuali criteri diagnostici sono:
La mini-curva rappresenta un metodo più pratico per diagnosticare il maggior numero di soggetti a rischio e riconoscere i soggetti con diabete conclamato.
Ovviamente la diagnosi precoce consente di gestire al meglio la situazione, mantenendo il livello di salute più alto possibile.
Infatti è possibile che, in presenza di pre-diabete, un cambiamento dello stile di vita e in alcuni casi ricorrendo a una terapia farmacologica, possano prevenire la progressione verso la conclamazione della malattia. Prima si interviene con scelte di salute, più probabilità ci sono di non arrivare a sviluppare il diabete tipo 2.
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