Le persone vicine al paziente con diabete sono importantissime nella dinamica che si scatena intorno al trattamento della malattia e alla prevenzione delle complicanze.
Secondo quanto riportato da Il Manifesto dei diritti e dei doveri della persona con diabete, il paziente e i familiari possono credere che la situazione sia “sotto controllo”, quando non lo è, a causa della mancanza di sintomi e decidere, quindi, di sospendere le adeguate terapie o modificarle mettendo a rischio la sua salute.
La persona con diabete e i familiari devono, quindi, ricevere una corretta informazione sulle cause di scompenso e sui fattori di rischio per lo sviluppo di complicanze, così che siano consapevoli dell’importanza di condurre uno stile di vita sano, in linea con le proprie possibilità e i propri bisogni.
Ecco perché ai Centri di Diabetologia arriva il monito a:
1. Educare la persona con diabete e i familiari affinché possano soddisfare le proprie aspirazioni di vita (un’esistenza normale, da persona sana);
2. Aiutare le famiglie a gestire il diabete facendo formazione continua e fornendo informazioni, strumenti e servizi che tengano conto delle necessità delle singole persone;
3. Stimolare gli operatori sanitari (specialisti, medici curanti, infermieri, psicologi, nutrizionisti, podologi, ecc..) ad ascoltare attivamente la persona con diabete e i familiari per conoscerne i bisogni, le aspirazioni e le aspettative;
4. Assicurare che gli operatori sanitari spieghino in modo esaustivo gli obiettivi terapeutici, verificandone sempre la comprensione, e consiglino schemi di cura personalizzati e condivisi (prescritti in forma sia scritta che orale) per il trattamento abituale e per eventuali situazioni di urgenza;
5. Invitare tutti gli operatori socio-sanitari a prendersi cura degli aspetti psicologici e sociali della persona con diabete e dei familiari;
6. Richiedere alle persone con diabete di rispettare i propri doveri riguardanti la corretta assunzione delle terapie prescritte, le modalità di controllo del diabete e le indicazioni sullo stile di vita fornite dagli operatori sanitari, in modo da raggiungere gli obiettivi terapeutici programmati nel rispetto delle risorse messe a disposizione dal sistema sanitario.
Gli affetti sono, quindi, molto importanti affinché il paziente continui a seguire la sua terapia e segua scrupolosamente il calendario delle visite specialistiche, fondamentali per il successo del percorso clinico.
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